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"Unable to migrate to dependency-based boot system..." - Forums Linux

"Unable to migrate to dependency-based boot system..." - Forums Linux

"Unable to migrate to dependency-based boot system..."

Posted: 01 Mar 2010 04:33 AM PST

On 3/2/2010 5:40 AM PT, J G Miller typed:
 

Thanks man! I will wait for the Squeeze. I will do like I did last time
and use net-install. Amusing how my XP Pro. installation is older than
this Debian box. I need to redo Windows too with 7 one of these days. :)
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Ant is currently not listening to any songs on his home computer.

Weird ubuntu audio/sound problem

Posted: 28 Feb 2010 10:29 AM PST

edu wrote: 

Did you make the mistake of installing the OPTIONAL modem driver?

When you point to your Volume Icon, you should get a Tooltip with
something like "Internal Audio og Stereo

IF YOU DID install the modem, uninstall it and see what happens. That
fixed this problem when I upgraded to Ubuntu 9.10

That's because my on-board Modem is a Voice Modem used for
Voice-over-IP used for using my system's speakers & mic for phone
function. You don't want the feed-back squeal when you use it as a
phone, hence the speaker is disabled with the modem installed.

How do I make resize my /'s /boot partition for more free disk space?

Posted: 25 Feb 2010 02:50 PM PST

Woohoo/W00t! I managed to install Kernel v2.6.32 barely on my old Debian box:

# apt-get install linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
linux-doc-2.6.32
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 127 not upgraded.
Need to get 26.3MB of archives.
After this operation, 76.0MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org testing/main linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686 2.6.32-5 [26.3MB]
Fetched 26.1MB in 35s (731kB/s)
Reading package fields... Done
Reading package status... Done
Retrieving bug reports... Done
Parsing Found/Fixed information... Done
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously deselected package linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686.
(Reading database ... 158155 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686 (from .../linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686_2.6.32-5_i386.deb) ...
Setting up linux-image-2.6.32-trunk-686 (2.6.32-5) ...
Running depmod.
Running update-initramfs.
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-trunk-686
Running update-grub.
Generating grub.cfg ...
Found background image: moreblue-orbit-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-trunk-686
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-trunk-686
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.30-2-686
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.30-2-686
done
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 2.6.32-trunk-686 /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.3 2-trunk-686
localepurge: Disk space freed in /usr/share/locale: 0 KiB
localepurge: Disk space freed in /usr/share/man: 0 KiB
localepurge: Disk space freed in /usr/share/gnome/help: 0 KiB
localepurge: Disk space freed in /usr/share/omf: 0 KiB
localepurge: Disk space freed in /usr/share/doc/kde/HTML: 0 KiB

Total disk space freed by localepurge: 0 KiB


$ df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda1 280003 240465 25082 91% /
....

I probably won't be able to install 2.6.33 even if I were to uninstall
2.6.30. :P When that happens or whjen my hardware fails or whatever,
then I will do a clean install from scratch and do my partitions
correctly. Thank you to all who replied. :)
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Where is Bluetooth installation coming from and how can I removeit from my old Debian box?

Posted: 23 Feb 2010 06:29 AM PST

In article <4b8df04a$0$4975$newshosting.com>, jull43
@tampabay.rr.com says... 

None. That's what I've been trying to say...

D

cybercafe program

Posted: 16 Feb 2010 11:46 PM PST

balou wrote:
 

Modern URL?. AFAIR, the only onlne HOWTO references all commented about
unreliability. OTOH, these things are usually just cobble togethers with
various hardware.

Getting *all* local mail to be sent to the smarthost relay

Posted: 16 Feb 2010 06:52 AM PST

On Feb 17, 7:51am, The Natural Philosopher <invalid>
wrote: 

You're referring to the "dpkg-reconfigure" script, or whatever it's
called? That's not in the RHEL RPM's.

I just had a gentle talk with the configure files in /etc/exim/ on
RHEL 5. It works, but it's not well doented. I had to go hunting in
the on-line manuals for details on setting up a smarthost, which
involves replacing a stanza about DNS handling.
 

Right. Exim Doesn't Do That(tm). There's a table in /etc/exim/ where
you need to put such aliases instead.

Issues with 7TB partition

Posted: 15 Feb 2010 02:42 PM PST

On Mon, 15 Feb 2010 17:42:35 -0500, Ranman <com> wrote:
 

The dos mbr is limited to a total disk size (not just partition)
of 2TB. Trying to create/write past 2TB will result in wrap
around, causing corruption.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table

From "man fdisk" ...
fdisk doesn't understand GUID Partition Table (GPT) and it is not
designed for large
partitions. In particular case use more advanced GNU parted(8).

While your kernel appears to have guid support enabled, you have
to use partitioning software that also supports it, and you have
to select guid as the partition table type (aka gpt).

With parted, you would use "mklabel gpt", followed by the normal
partition creation.

Regards, Dave Hodgins

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Can my ubuntu desktop access web via wirelessrouter

Posted: 14 Feb 2010 04:42 AM PST

On Feb 14, 10:18pm, Nico Kadel-Garcia <com> wrote: 

thanx for that

Newbie looking for advice on Linux distribution

Posted: 13 Feb 2010 06:57 AM PST

On Mon, 15 Feb 2010 11:33:42 +0000, Alan Mackenzie wrote:
 

I have tried various distros over the years, and I always gave up due to
various problems, notably hardware recognition issues. Last week I began
looking at Ubuntu netbook remix. I downloaded it and installed it on my
netbook. It picked up all my hardware and booted into a fully functional
system, with only minor tweaking. This week, all my computers are running
ubuntu. I have 7 machines here, and it installed on all of them with only
one problem. My main laptop had the harddrive trashed by the installer.
Luckily it was all backed up, but my Vista 64 was trashed. I was fuming,
but I decided to continue installing Ubuntu. I got it installed and it is
running flawlessly.


Of course, nothing is perfect. I am a musician, and I like to do some
multitrack recording. THis is the one area where Linux is very weak. I
had to leave my DAW machine untouched, so that I could continue to use my
studio. I'm not saying I can't record audio on a linux box, just that it
is much more limited than Windows. I could just be missing things, and
I'm aware that there is always a learning curve with any new endeavor,
but it seems that the capabilities just aren't there. We'll see.....

Protecting the Windows using Linux

Posted: 12 Feb 2010 11:36 AM PST

On Sunday 14 February 2010 12:58 in comp.os.linux.setup, somebody
identifying as TomB wrote...
 

Follow-up header respected, albeit that I haven't been subscribed to
that group anymore in a few years already.
 

Xen is primarily suited for server deployment, albeit that it can be
used with workstation set-ups as well - see her down The thing
about Xen is that it's a bare metal hypervisor, so it doesn't run
inside a host operating system. Everything running on top of Xen -
including the management system - is a virtual machine.

It's similar to how mainframes work, but with the difference that the
operating system in direct control of the hypervisor on a mainframe is
a specialized single-user system, while on Xen it must be either
GNU/Linux, NetBSD, OpenBSD or (Open)Solaris, all of which are
UNIX-style systems and thus multi-user. It is however advised,
especially for server set-ups, not to have any users log into the
management virtual machine, or perhaps, just one user, and have that
user then use /su/ and/or /sudo/ to obtain root privileges.

(Note with regard to the above: I always disable all direct root logins,
both remote and local, on all of my machines, virtual or physical, and
thus an unprivileged user account must then be used to log in directly,
and /su/ from there on. This means that any cracker breaking into the
system must instead of guessing only the root password now guess my
user account's login, its password, and then the root password.)

If you intend to run GNU/Linux-only guest systems (and as servers), then
you might also want to look into OpenVZ and Vserver as an alternative
solution. This is another kind of virtualization, at the operating
system level, i.e. you then run multiple userspace "containers" (also
called "zones") on top of a common kernel, with one userspace context
being "the host", from which you can access all others.

OpenVZ and Vserver are similar to eachother but there are some important
differences. For instance, Vserver uses a copy-on-write system for the
guests which is economic in diskspace, but OpenVZ has more
possibilities and uses a more recent kernel - 2.6.18 for "stable" and
2.6.26 and 2.6.27 for "testing". Another operating system which offers
this kind of virtualization would for instance be (Open)Solaris.

Personally I would like to see the OpenVZ adopted into the upstream
Linux kernel. It already has a now quite mature Xen support built-in
(for both dom0 and domU) and it also offers KVM and lguest as
additional virtualization technologies, but those are too much akin to
the third party virtual machine monitor set-ups of VMWare (Workstation)
and VirtualBox. Operating system level virtualization would be a nice
complement to GNU/Linux, especially since OpenSolaris already offers it
as well, and if I'm not mistaken, then FreeBSD also already had it at
one stage (although I think they've removed it again now - I'm not
sure.)

In the event of a Xen set-up, each of the virtual machines runs a
complete operating system, i.e. kernel plus userspace. So there's a
little more RAM overhead than with OpenVZ or Vserver. Otherwise, Xen
performs very well in comparison. With paravirtualization, performance
of the guests is only some 1% or 2% slower than if they were running on
the bare metal.

Another advantage is that Xen can run different types of guest operating
systems. You can even run Windows as an unprivileged guest on Xen, but
only on the condition that your hardware has virtualization extensions,
because Windows can obviously not be paravirtualized, since the code is
not free. Microsoft did at one stage - during the development of Xen -
supply a paravirtualized version of Windows XP, but this version was
never licensed for retail; it was solely intended for testing by the
Xen developers.

Performance-wise, hardware virtualization is slower than
paravirtualization, though. With hardware virtualization, part of the
hardware the HW virtual machine sees is emulated by Xen, using the Qemu
device manager. This emulated hardware is also not exactly "the latest
and greatest", but at least it works reliably.

Paravirtualization on the other hand is an approach in which the
unprivileged guest operating system is "aware" that it is running
virtualized. A paravirtual guest has a kernel which uses
so-called "front-end" drivers, which are basically an abstraction layer
that connects to the "real" back-end drivers running in the dom0
virtual machine. So there is no emulation involved, and all of the
systems running on that one physical machine actually become one big
multifunctional virtual machine operating system. Again, it's like a
mainframe system.

Xen also allows the sysadmin to tailor performance by configuring how
many virtual CPUs each guest can use, and for performance-critical
virtual machines, it is possible to assign one or multiple physical CPU
cores to them, so that the other virtual machines cannot use those.
There are also multiple scheduling options for shared physical CPUs.

On the networking side of things, Xen defaults to bridging, but it is
possible to use routing/NAT as well - scripts are supplied to easily
set up whatever configuration you prefer. Xen also supports isolating
certain hardware from the management virtual machine (dom0) so that
this hardware can be directly accessed by one of the unprivileged
virtual machines (domU), which is then considered a "secondary driver
domain"; this is again often applied in (Open)Solaris, even with Sun's
own bare metal hypervisor - I forgot what it's called. In other words,
if you're running a virtual machine which needs a lot of network
bandwidth and your physical machine has two NICs, then you can choose
to hide one NIC from dom0 and have this particular virtual machine
access the second NIC directly with a regular driver and without having
to use the bridging or routing via dom0's NIC.

The machine I am currently working on - i.e. setting up; I'm not talking
of the machine I am typing this from - is going to be running Xen with
multiple paravirtualized Gentoo GNU/Linux virtual machines - the dom0
plus two domUs. One of the domUs will have direct access to a limited
set of hardware - i.e. a dedicated PCIe video adapter card, the
on-board sound chip and all USB hubs - which will then of course be
hidden from dom0, and the second domU will be running an OpenVZ kernel
with multiple "zones", installed as "headless servers".

Virtualization on top of virtualization, and all of it is Free & Open
Source Software. ;-) (Okay, that last line was specifically intended
for COLA. :p)

--
*Aragorn*
(registered GNU/Linux user #223157)

Intel Graphics Under Debian Lenny (Blank Screen)

Posted: 10 Feb 2010 06:35 AM PST

There are two intel drivers for X, i810 and intel (the newer one).

Check out, which one Ubuntu and Lenny are using.
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cannot change current block/inode allocation

Posted: 08 Feb 2010 10:05 AM PST

Bill Mar wrote: 

I tried this , but still i am getting this

zodiac@zodioc:~$ sudo su
root@zodioc:/home/zodiac# edquota -u testuser
edquota: WARNING - /dev/sdb5: cannot change current block allocation
edquota: WARNING - /dev/sdb5: cannot change current inode allocation

GUI for /etc directory?

Posted: 08 Feb 2010 02:51 AM PST

On Feb 8, 1:08pm, donottypethisbit.com (Mark
Hobley) wrote: 

Linuxconf hasn't had an update in 5 years. The tools available for
particular Linux distributions vary widely, and are often specific to
specific features: "yumex" for yum software updates on RHEL, "system-
config-network" for network setups on RHEL, "YaST" for all sorts of
configurations on SuSE, "lilac" on various Fedora and Debian based
platforms for Nagios, etc.

Frankly, I prefer Webmin wherever feasible: it's a better interface
and more robust, by far, than many of the other GUI's. But its
completeness relies on people writing good components to manage parts
of /etc/, and creating *those* is often not part of the author's
plans. CUPS, for example, is just nasty to configure graphically due
to missing access to core components, such as the text->Postscript
page size settings.

Pimp my GRUB

Posted: 07 Feb 2010 01:06 PM PST

On Feb 10, 12:45pm, Peter Köhlmann <de>
wrote: 

That's their problem. Well, that and SuSE. (Its primary configuration
tool, YaST is really, really, really not your friend for any remotely
sophisticated configuration needs due to a number of pervasive flaws
in mishandling both kernel and package configurations, especially the
"there can be only one kernel" and the 3rd-party software
installations such as NVidia. And don't get me going on how foolish it
is to publish a kernel SRPM where the patch files are hidden inside
tarballs, to be plucked and chosen among by shell scripts.
Errrggghhh!)

Manuel actually asked an interesting question, the sort that's worth
trying to answer and educate with even if it seems foolish to someone
already more familiar with how these things work.

For example: optimizing the "initrd", which is not actually a script
but a compressed, mountable file system for old reasons involving
bootstrapping from 1.44 MByte floppies, is an interesting way to try
to speed things up. Optimizing the init scripts, which is a different
matter, is actually something people are actively pursuing, and it's
one of the lengthier parts of the boot procedure. Optimizing the BIOS
itself is also possible, but takes considerable courage and some
knowledge to do. (LinuxBIOS isn't broadly supported yet, but it's
awfully cool if you can make it work.)

Manuel, I'm glad you're more clear now on the difference between grub,
the boot loader, and the init processes. They're tricky: they're shell
scripts, fitting a very standardized layout to ease management, but
they really *weren't* written for speed. For example, throwing out all
that nice sanity checking of config files and testing whether they
exist is going to slow things down. And the various funky bits
designed to make the printouts look pretty are a complete waste of
most user's time: We don't care of the output is "OK" or a splufty,
pretty green OK printing subroutine, but we needn't waste our time
loading up shell function files if we just print "OK".

install linux on blade server

Posted: 06 Feb 2010 12:53 PM PST

On Sat, 2010-02-06 at 12:53 -0800, syd_p wrote: 

I don't have a Bladesystem H yes... but in general the blade
manufacturer provides a virtual CDROM/DVD capability that allows
you to connect your "local" DVD from a the remote control point
running the enclosure software and use that for the blade(s).

So... you effectively get a DVD drive on your blades that
comes off your desktop (if you will).

Of course, once you do one machine, you could always clone
it to the other blades... lots of options once you do one.

SQUID problem;need help

Posted: 03 Feb 2010 03:32 AM PST

On Feb 9, 4:36am, kaari <com> wrote: 

I'm no squid expert, but your request is short on what might be useful
information. What OS is your proxy server? What version of Squid is
it? And can you post the configuration file for it?

Similarly, what OS is your web client? Which browser? And does this
website work well *without* the proxy in the way?

Last, what is the target website?